NEEM
Botanical title: Azadirachta indica
Family: Meliaceae
Common names: Nimba, Indian liliac
Vernacular names:
Hindi- Neem, Nimm
British- Margosa tree, Neem tree
Tamil- Vembu
Gujarati- Limado
Telugu- Vepa chettu
Kannada- Bevu
Synonyms: Arishta, Sarvatobhadra, Hinguniryasa, Subhadra, Sutika, Sukhpriya, Yavaneshta.
Classical Categorization:
Caraka: Tiktaskandha, Kandughana
Susruta: Aragvadhadi, Lakshadi, Guduchyadi
Vagbhata: Aragvadhadi, Guduchyadi, Lakshadi
General Description:
In India, the Neem tree is also called "Divine Tree," "Heal All," "Nature's Pharmacy," "Village Pharmacy" around the counytry. The different items produced from neem have proven medicinal qualities. It functions like a vermifuge, pesticide, astringent, tonic and antiseptic. It's considered a significant plant in Ayurvedic medicine and it is recommended for various kinds of skin illnesses because it is among the most effective bloodstream-cleansers and detoxifiers.
Distribution:
Neem is regarded as a part of India's genetic bio-diversity because it is generally found throughout India. Neem is definitely an evergreen from the tropics and sub-tropics. In India, Neem develops broadly in sub-himalayan tract and forests, within the flatlands as well as in areas as much as an elevation of 1850 meter. Was cultivated from ocean level for an altitude of 1500 m. Neem is tolerant to many soil types including dry, stony, shallow soils, lateritic crust, highly leached sands and clays. It is among the very couple of shade-giving trees that may thrive within the drought prone areas.
Botanical Description:
Neem is really a fast-growing, evergreen, large tree that may achieve up to a height of 18-20 meter, with almost an upright trunk. The bark is difficult, scaly, whitish-gray to red-brown in colour. The extensive and deep root system includes a strong taproot and well-developed lateral roots.
Leaves- The shiny dark eco-friendly pinnately compound foliage is as much as one foot (30 centimetres) lengthy. Each leaf has 10-15 serrated, lanceolate booklets that are arranged oppositely or alternately.
Flowers- The various, whitened and honey-aromatic flowers are arranged axillary, normally in additional-or-less drooping panicles, present in groupings are a useful source of nectar for bees.
Fruits- The fruit is really a smooth olive-like, eco-friendly drupe, oblong which turns golden yellow on ripening. The fruit encloses one, rarely 2 or 3, elongated seed products getting a brown seed coat.
The Neem tree flowers between Feb and could and fruits ripen within the month of June, This summer and August.
Types: You will find three difeerent types of Neem found -
•Nimba (Azadirachta indica)
•Maha Nimba (Melia azaderach)
•Parvata Nimba (Ailanthus exelsa)
Major chemical Ingredients:
Probably the most active, presently recognized component of Neem is 'Azadirachtin'. It finds programs in Neem based pesticide formulations that are safe, natural, bio-degradable, workable in the farmer's level and atmosphere friendly, unlike caffeine and artificial pesticide sprays which bid farewell to deposits polluting air, water and soil. Many bioactive elements happen to be recognized and isolated, the key ones being meliantriol, azadirone, nimbandiol, nimbin, nimbolide, nimbidin, sitosterol, kulinone, azadirachtol, melianone, tocopherol, linoleic acidity, nimbidin, nimbinin etc.
Qualities:
Rasa: Tikta, Kshaya
Guna: Laghu, Ruksha
Veerya: Shita
Vipaka: Katu
Karma: Kapha-pittahara, Deepana, Krmighana, Grahi, Netriya.
Parts Used: Root Bark, Leaves, Seed products, Seed Oil, Flower, Stem bark.
Signs:
•Jwara
•Kushtha
•Krimi (Earthworm Pests)
•Prameha (Antidiabetic)
•Kasa
•Chardi
•Vrana
•Arsha
•Gulma
•Netra roga
•Kandu
Therapeutic Uses:
•Neem have various medicinal qualities, being anthelmintic, antifungal, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-fertility, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthrirtic, cardio-protective, sedative and immunostimulant activity. Every part from the tree (seed products, leaves, flowers and bark) can be used for planning a variety of medical formulations.
•It functions like a vermifuge, pesticide, antidandruff, fungicidal as well as an antiseptic. It's used effectively in the event of stomach, earthworms and stomach problems. The tree stem and root barks possess astringent, tonic and antiperiodic qualities. The bark is helpful in also malarial fever as well as in cutaneous illnesses.
•The neem oil can be used for making neem-based soaps, shampoos and tooth paste. It's also helpful for skincare for example acne remedy as well as for maintaining skin elasticity. Neem oil has been discovered to become a highly effective bug repellent. It's also utilized in treating acne since it is among the most effective bloodstream-cleansers and detoxifiers.The antimicrobial activity of various kinds of neem extracts and neem items happen to be well-established, thus it's an effective drug in the event of acute eczyema, ringworm pests and scabies.
•The termite resistant neem timber can be used like a building material as well as in making furniture and farm implements. The bark yields tannin and gum. The amber-hued gum can be used like a dye in textiles and traditional medications. Neem types for example Azadirachtin, nimbicidin and a number of other compounds are actually utilized in medications and commercial pesticide sprays.
•Leaves are utilized to cure chicken pox and therefore are used as fodder and eco-friendly manure. Persons suffering fron chicken pox should sleep on neem leaves. A decoction prepared from neem roots, leaves and bark is thought to alleviate various kinds of fever.
•Aqueos extracts of Neem leaves happen to be reported to lower the bloodstream sugar levels. The aqueous extract from the neem leaves offers potent immuno-stimulant property as evidenced by both humeral and cell mediated reactions.
•Traditionally, teeth cleaning was carried out through the eating of slender neem branches. The twig of Neem has been used because the brush because it is thought to consider proper care of one's teeth.
Dosage:
Bark powder: 3-5 g
Seed oil: 5-10 drops
Juice: 10-20 ml
Important Formulations:
Naimbadi tailam
Nimbadi churnam
Nimbarishtam
Panchtikta guugulu ghrita
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